Karyotype Analysis

The karyotype analysis can detect chromosomal abnormalities, such as numerical (such as trisomies) and structural (translocations, deletions,..).

DNA at the time of cell division, condenses into chromosomes. To perform the karyotype analysis, cells are blocked in metaphase. In metaphase chromosomes appear structured, easily visible with microscope. Chromosomes are then stained with substances which bind selectively to certain regions, resulting in a characteristic banding: bands Q, G or R according to the staining used. In Procelltech banding G is performed.

The final phase of karyotyping includes microscope observation: chromosomes are counted and analyzed for pair matching. This examination can reveal structural defects arising from chromosome breakage followed by rearrangements and loss of genetic material. The karyotype analysis is conducted according to the European Pharmacopoeia guidelines (EP 6.0., 5.2.4.).

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